Human Tenocytes are responsible for the synthesis and maintenance of a mechanically unique connective tissue; endowing them with the ability to resist the high tensile forces subjected to the tendon in vivo. Tenocytes are parto of an extensive three-dimensional network of extracellular matrix components consisting predominantly of collagen type I fibrils (>95% of tendon collagen), but also other types of collagen (type III and type V), proteoglycans, elastin and fibronectin. These tendon-specific matrix components give tendon its resilience and biomechanical stability. Human Tenocytes are useful in vitro models for studying tendon regeneration and repair, cytokine and growth factor effects on tendon; but also specific gene regulation and pathophysiology of tendon disorders. They are also useful tools to stablish in vitro disease models for High Throughput and High Content Screening.